Basic of routermode

Router- Modi und the acceptation:

Routerprompt:

Router> Usermode

Router# privilege mode

Router(config)# global configurationsmode

Router(config-if)# interface mode

Router(config-router)# configurationmode for routing-protocols

Definition und Möglichkeiten:

Usermode:

In this mode you get automatical after the connection with the router an the computer. The Usermode is the lowest mode and you can't make very mutch.

Type the command ? in and you will see all possible commands of this mode.

For example:

Router>? Exec commands:

       enable             Turn on privileged commands
       exit               Exit from the EXEC
       logout             Exit from the EXEC
       ping               Send echo messages
       show               Show running system information
       traceroute         Trace route to destination

acceptation of commands:

enable: This is the most important command of this mode. So you get in the privilege mode.

exit: With this command you can exit the router and with recurrence pushing of the RETURN- key you can enter the usermode.

logout: With this command you can exit the router and with recurrence pushing of the RETURN- key you can enter the usermode.

ping: The ping command send echo messages to interfaces and network device and so you can check the accessible of the devices. You need only the IP-Address from the Interface/device

show: The show command give you information of your system or config, but you need a furthermore syntax.

    You can find the syntax with show ?.

traceroute: With this command you can find the used route to your desitination out. That can be very helpfull for searching mistakes.

privilege mode:

You will get in this mode after typing enable in the usermode.
Now you have more access than in the usermode, you will see that after typing ? The most important command of this mode is configure , so you will get into the global configurationmode.

For example:

Router#?
Exec commands:

       Clear        Reset functions
       Configure    Enter configuration mode
       Copy         Copy from one file to another
       Debug        Debugging functions (see also ‘undebug‘)
       Disable      Turn off privileged commands
       Enable       Turn on privileged commands
       Erase        Erase a filesystem
       Exit         Exit from the EXEC
       Logout       Exit from the EXEC
       No           Disable debugging informations
       Ping         Send echo messages
       Reload       Halt and perform a cold restart
       Show         Show running system information
       Traceroute   Trace route to destination
       Undebug      Disable debugging functions (see also ‘debug‘)
       Write        Write running configuration to memory, network, or terminal

acceptation of commands:

Clear This command will delete your arp-cache or your cdp table, but you musst enter folowing syntax:

         Clear arp-cache  to delete the ARP-cache (Address Resolution Protocol). 
         Clear cdp  to delete your CPD table(Cisco Discovery Protocol).

Configure This is the most important command of this mode, type this command and you will get in the configurations mode. You can also type configure terminal or conf t

Copy You can copy/save following:

         copy running-config You will save your actually config
         copy startup-config You will save your startup config.

Disable you will disable the enable commands

Enable You will activate the enable commands

Erase This command will delete your NVRAM. Your hole config will be lost!

Exit With this command you can exit the router and with recurrence pushing of the RETURN- key you can enter the usermode.

Logout With this command you can exit the router and with recurrence pushing of the RETURN- key you can enter the usermode.

No You will deactivate some configurations.

         No IP You will erase your ip settings.

Ping The ping command send echo messages to interfaces and network device and so you can check the accessible of the devices. You need only the IP-Address from the Interface/device. the syntax is:ping <Destination IP- Adresse> Reload To restart your Switch or Router.

show: The show command give you information of your system or config, but you need a furthermore syntax.

    You can find the syntax with show ?.

Traceroute With this command you can find the used route to your desitination out. That can be very helpfull for searching mistakes.

Write You can do following:

         write terminal you will write your actually settings in the terminal.
         Write memory you will write your actally settings in the NVRAM.
         write erase DYou will erase your NVRAM! All settings and configurations will be lost!

global configurationmode:

From this mode, you can config your router/ switch an it's possible to join other modi. For example: Interface serial 0/0 to configure the serial interface 0/0.

For example:

Router(config)#?
Configure commands:

       access-list:        Add an access list entry
       cdp:                Global CDP configuration subcommands
       enable:             Modify enable password parameters
       end:                Exit from configure mode
       exit:	          Exit from configure mode
       hostname:           Set system‘s network name
       Interface:          Select an interface to configure
       Ip:                 Global IP configuration subcommands
       Line:               Configure a terminal line
       No:                 Negate a command or set its defaults
       Router:             Enable a routing process
       Username:           Establish User Name Authentication

acceptation of commands:

access-list: You can create access- lists.

cdp: To get into the globale CDP configuration submode.

enable: You will set a password or change it.

end: You will leave the global configurationsmode.

exit: You will leave the global configurationsmode.

hostname: To give the device a name.

Interface: To config an interface Interface Ethernet <Interfacenumber> To edit a ethernet Interface.

         Interface GigabitEthernet <Interfacenumber> To config a GigabitEthernet Interface.
         Interface Serial <Interfacenumber> To config a serial Interface.

Ip: You can do following:

         ip access-list to edit an access-list
         ip dhcp pool <Poolname> To create a dhcp pool.
         ip dhcp excluded- address <IP- Adresse> to exluded an IP-Address from the dhcp pool.
         ip nat pool <Poolname> To create a nat pool
         ip nat inside to change a intern IP-Address to an extern.
         ip route <destinationaddress subnetmask Next Hop [metric]> To create a static route

Line: To change into the line-mode .

No: Verweigern Sie einen Befehl oder Standardwerte.

Router: To get into the configmode for routing protokolls. Type following in:

         router rip um rip als Routing Protokoll zu wählen.
         router eigrp um eigrp als Routing Protokoll zu definieren.

Username: You will create an new user

Schnittstellenmodus:

In this mode you will configure your interface.

For example:

Router(config-if)#?

       Arp	Set arp type (arpa, probe, snap) or timeout
       Bandwidth	Set bandwidth informational parameter
       cdp	CDP interface subcommands
       delay	Specify interface throughput delay
       description	Interface specific description
       duplex	Configure duplex operation.
       Exit	Exit from interface configuration mode
       ip	Interface Internet Protocol config commands
       mac-address	Manually set interface MAC address
       no	Negate a command or set its defaults
       shutdown	Shutdown the selected interface
       speed	Configure speed operation.

acceptation of commands:

Arp To choose the arp type or timeoute .

Bandwidth Give a Interface a maximal bandwidth. Choose a parameter between 1 und 10000000 kbit per sec.

cdp To activate the CPD protokoll.

description To descripe the interface

duplex To configure following:

         duplex auto Set duplex of auto.
         duplex full set duplex of full.
         duplex half set duplex of half.

Exit Mto leave to interfacemode.

ip To edit the ip-address from this interface:

         ip address <IP- Address subnetmask> to attach a IP- Address and subnetmask.
         ip access-list to attach a Access List

mac-address to attach a MAC-Address

no to delete a command

shutdown to activate the interface

speed to configur the speed of this interface:

         10 Force set the speet to 10Mb/sec
         100 Force set the speet to100 Mbps .
         auto Enable set the speed auto.

configurationsmoe for Routing-protocolls:

This mode is necessary to config different routing-protocolls. So you have an alternative to static route. Example for possible protocolls: RIP, IGRP, EIGRP

The most importent command is network <IP-Address subnetmask>. Now the router know his neighbor an send the pakets.